Glucagon-like peptide -1 is GLP-1, which is a hormone produced by intestinal cells and one of the main components of insulin secreting hormone. The main function of glucagon-like peptide -1 is to promote the secretion of insulin by pancreatic β cells and inhibit the secretion of glucagon by pancreatic α cells. At the same time, it can also inhibit patients' appetite and lose weight.
How do we all achieve changes in glucagon like peptide-1?
There are currently multiple drugs that act on glucagon like peptide-1, extending its activity through different mechanisms of action. In clinical practice, commonly used glucagon like peptide-1 drugs include two types: glucagon like peptide-1 agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors. Glucagon like peptide-1 agonists such as liraglutide can stimulate insulin secretion, while DPP-4 inhibitors such as Siagliptin Phosphate Tablets, Ligagliptin Tablets, Vigagliptin Tablets, and Sagagliptin Tablets can lower blood sugar by inactivating glucagon like peptide-1. The application of these drugs can play a good role in the treatment of diabetes, but the corresponding drugs should be selected according to the patients' conditions under the guidance of doctors. However, during the treatment of diabetes, if patients take too much medicine or eat too little, it is easy to lead to hypoglycemia, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
What is the difference between GLP-IRA and GLP-1?
As we know, glucagon-like peptide -1 is GLP-1, which is a hormone produced by intestinal cells and one of the main components of insulin secreting hormone. GLP-1 receptors are widely distributed in islet cells, gastrointestinal tract, lung, brain, kidney, hypothalamus, cardiovascular system, liver, fat cells and skeletal muscle. Glucagon-like peptide -1 receptor agonist (GLP-IRA) stimulates insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon secretion in a glucose concentration-dependent manner by activating GLP-1 receptor, and at the same time increases glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue and inhibits the production of glucose in liver.
According to the above, we can simply understand that Glp-1 is a product, while GLP-IRA is the raw material and key, and GLP-1 receptor is the production machine. So in terms of efficacy, the effects of Glp-1 and GLP-IRA are the same. That is, they can reduce blood sugar, restore the function of islet β cells, and inhibit gastric emptying and appetite, thus reducing weight, improving blood lipid and lowering blood pressure. But their effects on the body are completely different. According to the research, the body is an almost perfect but powerful control system. If we use GLP-1 for a long time, your body will recognize that it doesn't need more GLP-IRA, its secretion of GLP-IRA will continue to decline, and the GLP-1 receptor will gradually shrink, thus losing the ability to secrete glp-1. On the contrary, if you use GLP-IRA, it will not only reduce the number of GLP-1 receptors, but also help to synthesize GLP-1 that is more in line with your body, thus bringing positive feedback to your body.
How do we use glucagon-like peptide -1 agonist and DPP-4 inhibitor in clinic?
In the treatment of diabetes, if patients take too much medicine or eat too little, it will easily lead to hypoglycemia, and hypoglycemia attacks can increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in diabetic patients. Glucagon-like peptide -1 has dual functions of promoting insulin secretion and inhibiting glucagon, so when the patient's blood sugar drops, it can stimulate insulin secretion and inhibit glucagon to keep blood sugar in a stable state to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, glucagon-like peptide -1 agonist and DPP-4 inhibitor can not only lower blood sugar, but also reduce the risk of hypoglycemia for diabetic patients, especially for obese type 2 diabetic patients.
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