The basic substances of life are water, protein, fat, glycogen, vitamins and minerals, among which water accounts for 85%-90%, protein accounts for 7%-10%, and other nutrients account for 4%-6.5%.
It can be seen that after removing water, protein accounts for more than half of the body's dry matter and is the most important nutrient for the body. In the past, people thought that protein was composed of carbohydrates. With the development of science and technology, biologists found that carbohydrates could not produce protein immediately. Instead, two or more carbohydrates were fused to produce a satchel, and then a short-chain folding coil was used to form protein, and this satchel was called peptide.
More than half of the dry matter of the body is protein, in other words, more than half of the dry matter of the body is peptide. Experiments have confirmed that the function of protein in the body is carried out by peptide.
Therefore, the definition of peptide is: peptide is a chemical substance in which two or more carbohydrates are connected by peptide bonds, a substance in the middle between carbohydrates and proteins, a wonderful functional fragment and a wonderful structural fragment of protein, a part of the vitality genetic gene of proteins, and a nutrient and basic substance of life.
The relative molecular weight of peptide is between 180 and 5000 daltons.
Among them, those whose relative molecular mass is between 1000 and 5000 daltons are called large peptides, and those between 180 and 1000 daltons are called small peptides, oligopeptides and oligopeptides, also known as small molecular peptides.
Zoologists refer to peptides as "carbohydrate chains" and small molecular peptides as "bioactive peptides".
What does peptide have to do with the body?
All active substances in the body exist in the form of peptides.
There are thousands of kinds of peptides in the human body, which involve hormones, nervous system, cell growth and reproductive system, and are the core of the whole life process of the body, such as growth, development, reproduction, metabolism and personal behavior.
They are not only the basic substances for cell regeneration of human cells, but also have distinctive physiological functions: "they can promote the basic metabolism of somatic cells and repair diseased somatic cells;" Peptides are also immediately related to immune function and are the key active substances for human immune function and hormone regulation. " Therefore, peptide compounds play a key role in ensuring the routine development of physiological functions and maintaining human physical and mental health. Therefore, biologists say: "peptide is the command of life, and life is the reflection management system of peptide."
The effects of peptides on the human body can be summarized in terms of inhibition, activation, promotion, and repair.
Inhibition - inhibits cell turnover in the human body and balances the immune system; Activation - Activates the vitality of somatic cells and reasonably eliminates oxygen free radicals that are highly toxic to the body; Promote - promote and maintain all normal basic metabolism of tissue cells; Repair - Repair damaged somatic cells, maintain the structure and function of the cell membrane, and ensure that everything is normal.
What are the physiological functions of peptides?
Expert research has found that:
Many protein molecules contain some active fragments.
It releases a lot of peptide substances during the digestion process, which can carry out physiological adjustments on the body and cause similar effects to progesterone. This peptide is very easy to digest and absorb by the body. At the same time, it also has various physiological buffering effects, such as eliminating deoxygenated free radicals, delaying aging, enhancing immunity, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood lipids, reducing weight loss, anti vascular sclerosis, antioxidant activity, preventing heart disease, regulating gastrointestinal function, promoting alcohol production, and promoting the digestion and absorption of calcium and nutrients.
Overall, peptides have the following key functions: (1) reducing blood pressure by inhibiting the activity of angiotensin 2 converting enzyme (ACE), while having no blood pressure lowering effect on people with normal blood pressure ranges;
(2) Promote the digestion and absorption of calcium and various beneficial nutrients for the body, which is beneficial for children's growth and development, prevent Helou disease, improve osteoporosis, iron deficiency anemia, etc;
(3) It has antioxidant properties, eliminates free radicals in the human body, avoids somatic gene mutations, and delays aging;
(4) It can control blood sugar, lose weight, resist arteriosclerosis, adjust carbohydrates in the blood of liver patients, and improve liver function;
(5) Has inhibitory effects on various cancer diseases;
(6) Promote the operation of glucose water without increasing the consumption of oxygen in the intestinal system;
(7) Significant results have been achieved in regulating the physiological functions of the human immune system, which is better than some previous immune commodities;
(8) Having the ability to generate and reproduce body cells is a benefit for patients with malignant tumors undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
In addition, most small molecule active peptides also have characteristics such as low viscosity at high concentrations, excellent solubility, and heat resistance.
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