"Compendium of Materia Medica" is called "snake twist", which is a perennial herb vine plant and was used as a medicinal material by the ancients. In 1079, the Germans first added hops to the beer, which made the beer have a refreshing bitter taste and fragrant smell. Since then, hops have been hailed as "the soul of beer" and become one of the indispensable raw materials for beer brewing, which makes beer have unique bitterness and aroma and has the ability to preserve and clarify wort.
What are the ingredients in hops?
According to the research, hops mainly contain resin, volatile oil, flavonoids, tannins and so on. Its effective components are contained in soft resin, mainly including Lupulone, Humulone, Isohumulone and Isovalericacid. The volatile oil contains about 0.5%, including 1 chemical book and 0 components, mainly Myrcene, accounting for 30% ~ 50%, followed by humulene. Flavonoids include Astragalin, Isoquercitrin, Rutin, Kaempferitrin, etc.
What is the function of hops?
1. Antibacterial effect Hop extract, hops ketone and humulone can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Diphtheria, Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. It has no inhibitory effect on gram-negative bacteria, but also can inhibit tuberculosis, and has very weak or ineffective inhibitory effect on pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi and Actinobacillus. The inhibitory effect of humulone on gram-positive bacteria or tuberculosis is stronger than that of humulone. The residue of hops extract after removing hops ketone and humulone still has bacteriostatic effect. Hopulone has good fat solubility and large distribution coefficient, and it is easy to enter the wax film of mycobacterium tuberculosis to play a special affinity role. In vitro, its inhibitory effect on mycobacterium tuberculosis has no synergistic effect with streptomycin. Penicillin can slightly enhance its inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, while erythromycin can enhance it by 4 times.
2. Sedative effect Hop extract can calm down at a small dose, hypnotize at a medium dose, and cause paralysis at a large dose, which causes a slow but lasting sleep time.
3. Estrogen-like effect hops extract has a strong estrogen-like effect, and the estrogen activity of hops mainly comes from the β -acid part of the resin, but the α -acid part has no such effect.
4. Spasmodic effect Hop extract has powerful spasmolytic effect on rabbit jejunum, guinea pig duodenum and rat uterine smooth muscle, and can resist smooth muscle spasm caused by choline and barium chloride, as well as antihistamine effect.
5. Enhance respiratory function. Hop extract and volatile oil have a mild and short-term hypotensive effect on dogs (intravenous injection), but have no preventive and therapeutic effects on paw edema caused by carrageenan in rats. Intravenous injection of hops can enhance respiratory function.
6. Antioxidant effect The antioxidant effect of the water extract of hops showed that the antioxidant effect of the water extract of hops was close to that of vitamin C in a dose-effect relationship, and the antioxidant substances of hops had thermal stability, which showed that hops were a good natural antioxidant substance. The main antioxidant components in hops are α-acid, β-acid, extract and bitter water (that is, tetrahydroisomerized extract obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of hops), which have certain scavenging effect on superoxide anion free radicals, among which bitter water is the strongest, and α-acid and extract are slightly worse. β-acid is difficult to dissolve in the test solution, but no results have been obtained.
7. Estrogen-like effect hops extract has estrogen-like effect because it competitively binds to estrogen receptor, induces the activity of alkaline phospholipase, increases the mRNA of progesterone receptor in cultured endometrial cells, and upregulates another estrogen-inducing factor, PRELIN-2.
8. Anti-radiation effect The effect of total flavonoids of hops on the number of white blood cells in irradiated mice was determined. The results showed that total flavonoids of hops had protective effect on immune white blood cells in irradiated mice, and the protective effect of middle-dose and high-dose groups on white blood cells was higher than that of ginkgo control group. The effects of total flavonoids of hops on spleen and thymus of irradiated mice were determined. The results showed that the protective effects of total flavonoids of Pisahua on spleen and thymus of mice were similar to those of ginkgo flavonoids, and the protective effects of high-dose group were better than those of other groups.
9. Anti-platelet activated xanthohumol has strong anti-platelet activity, which inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting the formation of thromboxane. Therefore, this new xanthohumol may have high potential for treating or preventing cardiovascular diseases.
10. Anti-obesity study The anti-obesity effect of hops extract in male mice fed with high-fat feed and high-fat feed with 2% or 5% hops extract for 20 weeks was investigated. The results showed that hops extract could inhibit the increase of body weight and adipose tissue weight gain, adipocyte diameter and liver lipid induced by high-fat diet.
11. Other functions hops extract can obviously inhibit the proliferation of cotton granulation tissue in rats, and it also has a certain inhibitory effect on pleural hypertrophy caused by pleurisy in clinic.
The information in this article comes from the Internet and is not used as treatment advice or investment advice. If this article has an impact on your rights and interests or is interested in this product, please contact us in time so that we can provide you with more help