Oxandrolone, sold under the brand names Oxandrin and Anavar, among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication that is used to help promote weight gain in various situations, to help offset protein catabolism caused by long-term corticosteroid therapy, to support recovery from severe burns, to treat bone pain associated with osteoporosis, to aid in the development of girls with Turner syndrome, and for other indications.
What are Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids?
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS) are a type of steroid hormone developed to promote anabolism; the process of building and synthesizing molecules in the body. All AAS are derivatives of the steroid hormone testosterone. AAS was designed to improve testosterone's anabolic effect while minimizing the unwanted androgenic effect in treating patients with catabolic medical conditions. The anabolic effect of AAS is to promote protein synthesis through the efficient use of amino acids, prevent protein breakdown, retain nitrogen and build skeletal muscle. Androgenic effects are those related to puberty such as male pattern baldness, deepening of the voice, facial hair growth, and increase sebaceous gland excretion. AAS, such as Anavar, has high anabolic activity (high anabolic: androgenic ratio of 10:1) compared to testosterone (anabolic: androgenic ratio of 1:1).
How does Oxandrolone (Anavar) work?
Anavar is an oral medication that is absorbed across the gastrointestinal tract. Peak serum concentrations of Anavar occur within 1 hour after ingestion. In the body, Anavar is 95% bound to protein, which may contribute to the steroid’s stability and resistance to breakdown by the liver.
Anavar increases muscle mass in three ways
1) Inducing protein synthesis in the body
2) Up regulating the androgen receptor in skeletal muscle.
3) Increasing IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor)
Anavar given to healthy men has been shown to increase protein synthesis by as much as 44% and improve the effects of resistance training.
Unlike other anabolic steroids, Anavar is rather resistant to liver biotransformation. Approximately 28% of Anavar is excreted in the urine unchanged.
What are the indications and usage for Anavar (Oxandrolone)?
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids are indicated in patients' chronic wasting conditions (the loss of muscle mass) to prevent frailty. Such conditions include sarcopenia, AIDS-related muscle wasting, severe burn injury, trauma following surgery, and other catabolic disorders. Anavar is approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with prolonged use of corticosteroids to prevent protein catabolism and has been used to promote weight gain after extensive surgery, during chronic infectious states, or after severe trauma.
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