Nilotinib may cause QT prolongation (an irregular heart rhythm that can lead to fainting, loss of consciousness, seizures, or sudden death). Tell your doctor if you or anyone in your family has or has ever had long QT syndrome (an inherited condition in which a person is more likely to have QT prolongation) or if you have or have ever had low levels of potassium or magnesium in your blood, an irregular heartbeat, or liver disease.
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Figure1:Chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic and blastic phase(CML: chronic myeloid leukemia; BCR-ABL: breakpoint cluster region gene-Abelson proto-oncogene; AML: acute myeloid leukemia; ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ) |
Know nilotinib
Nilotinib, sold under the brand name Tasigna and marketed worldwide by Novartis, is a medication used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) which has the Philadelphia chromosome. It may be used both in initial cases of chronic phase CML as well as in accelerated and chronic phase CML that has not responded to imatinib. Nilotinib is a Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor and works by interfering with signaling within the cancer cell.
Nilotinib was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
What are immunosuppressants?
Immunosuppression is a therapeutic drug that can inhibit the function of the immune system, such as cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and other drugs. Immunosuppressants can inhibit immune cells for the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. In inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, there is usually immune system dysfunction. At this time, the use of immunosuppressants can inhibit abnormally disordered immune cells, so as to play a therapeutic role.
The common side effect of immunosuppressants is an infection, which is usually related to the function of immunosuppressants. Drugs have no selectivity in inhibiting immune function and can not target and inhibit problematic cells. Immunosuppressants inhibit all immune cells. Therefore, the organism is in a low immune state and is prone to infection. When using immunosuppressants, the risk of infection will be higher. Patients using immunosuppressants will also be seriously ill after infection. In addition, different immunosuppressants will have different adverse reactions,
Why is this medication prescribed?
Nilotinib is used to treat certain types of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; a type of cancer of the white blood cells) who have recently been found to have this condition in adults and children 1 year of age and older. It is also used to treat certain types of CML in adults whose disease could not be treated successfully with imatinib (Gleevec) or adults who cannot take imatinib because of side effects. Nilotinib is also used to treat certain types of CML in children 1 year of age or older whose disease could not be treated successfully with other tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapies or who cannot take these medications because of side effects. Nilotinib is in a class of medications called kinase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of the abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply. This helps to stop or slow the spread of cancer cells.
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Figure 2: Disease progression of chronic myeloid leukemia. (CML: Chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL: breakpoint cluster region gene-Abelson proto-oncogene. *Median duration without treatment; **percentage of blasts; ***symptoms.) |
How should this medicine be used?
Nilotinib comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It is usually taken without food twice a day. Nilotinib should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 2 hours before or 1 hour after eating any food. Take nilotinib at around the same time every day. Try to space your doses about 12 hours apart. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take nilotinib exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Swallow the capsules whole with a glass of water; do not split, chew, or crush them. If you are not able to swallow the capsules whole, mix the contents of a capsule in one teaspoon of applesauce. Swallow the mixture immediately (within 15 minutes.) Do not store the mixture for future use.
Your doctor may decrease your nilotinib dose or stop your treatment depending on how well the medication works for you and if you experience any side effects. Continue to take nilotinib even if you feel well. Do not stop taking nilotinib without talking to your doctor.
This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
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