Pure chloral hydrate is a colorless, transparent, strongly pungent monoclinic crystalline solid, also known as Crystallized and 2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediol. It is an aldehyde hydrate of trichloroacetic and is used as an organic synthesis intermediate, hypnotic and anticonvulsant.
What is the clinical use of chloral hydrate?
Chloral hydrate is a chlorinated ethanol derivative with hypnotic and anticonvulsant effects. After oral absorption, most of them are distributed in the liver and other tissues and are quickly reduced to trichloroethane by ethanol dehydrogenase, which has the same central nervous inhibitory effect as chloral hydrate. Because the half-life of chloral hydrate is very short, only a few minutes, it is mainly hypnotized by trichloroethane, combined with glucuronic acid, and discharged from urine through the kidney. The plasma half-life of trichloroethane was 8 hours.
Clinical use of chloral hydrate:
(1) Hypnosis: take 5 ~ 10ml of 10% solution before going to bed.
(2) Anticonvulsant: 10 ~ 20ml enema with 10% solution.
(3) Febrile convulsion in children: add 1ml of saline to dilute enema each time.
Is chloral hydrate a safe drug for babies?
Pure chloral hydrate is one of the commonly used sedative drugs in children. In 2010, the National Institute for health and care excellence (NICE) recommended that chloral hydrate can be used for sedation before painless examination for children weighing less than 15kg in the guide of sedatives under the age of 19: using sedatives for diagnosis and treatment procedures.
At present, chloral hydrate is widely used in children's Ophthalmology, dentistry, and radiology for sedation and hypnosis before examination or treatment. The main routes of administration are oral and rectal administration. Chloral hydrate has a mild hypnotic effect and causes similar physiological sleep. A larger dose has an anticonvulsant effect and a slight analgesic effect. It can be taken with water, infant formula, fruit juice, or ginger ale to minimize discomfort and irritation to the stomach.
Can parents use chloral hydrate oral solution by themselves?
For parents who make an appointment for inspection and take the medicine in advance, chloral hydrate oral solution should be refrigerated and stored after taking it home. Please note that the medicine will not be easily obtained by children.
Take the medicine to the hospital on the day of examination, use it within the specified time under the guidance of the doctor, and do not use it by yourself.
The above only summarizes and replies to the medication problems of chloral hydrate encountered in daily work. As a common sedative before children's examination, parents don't have to panic and refuse.
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