What is Pioglitazone hydrochloride?
Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug, which belongs to insulin sensitizer. Its mechanism is related to the existence of insulin, which can reduce insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and liver, increase the treatment of insulin-dependent glucose and reduce the output of liver sugar.
Pioglitazone hydrochloride powder is a white or white-like crystalline powder, which is soluble in methanol and slightly soluble in ethanol and chloroform. It is a new generation of drugs for treating type 2 diabetes with little side effects.
| Product name | Pioglitazone hydrochloride |
| CAS | 112529-15-4 |
| Molecular formula | C19H21ClN2O3S |
| Molecular weight | 392.9 |
| EINECS Number | 629-731-9 |
| Storage condition | 2-8°C |
| Melting point | 193-194°C |
| Solubility | Dimethyl sulfoxide: ≥10mg/mL |
| Appearance | white or off-white powder |
| Stability | It can be stored in DMSO at-20 C for up to 3 months. |
| Water solubility | Soluble in water (<1 mg/ml at 25°C), DMF, methanol, ethanol (4 mg/ml at 25°C), and DMSO (79 mg/ml at 25°C) |
What is the mechanism of Pioglitazone hydrochloride?
Pioglitazone hydrochloride and Rosiglitazone are thiazolidinedione antidiabetic products commonly used in the treatment of diabetes in China at present, which belong to insulin sensitizers. It can reduce the insulin resistance of peripheral tissues and liver, increase the treatment of insulin-dependent glucose, and reduce the output of liver sugar. Its action and mechanism are the same as that of Rosiglitazone, which can reduce triglyceride (TG) and increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) during treatment. Animal experiments show that pioglitazone hydrochloride powder can reduce hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia of insulin resistance. The metabolic changes it causes lead to the increase of insulin-dependent tissue response. Because it improves the effect of circulating insulin (that is, reduces insulin resistance), it cannot reduce the blood sugar of animal models lacking endogenous insulin. Pioglitazone hydrochloride is mainly suitable for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II) patients whose blood sugar cannot be controlled by diet and exercise alone. It can be used alone or in combination with sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents, metformin and insulin.
Product Specification
| Item | Specification | Results |
| Description | White to off-white powder | White powder |
| Identification | IR/ HPLC | Complies |
| Residue On Ignition | NMT 0.2% | 0.05% |
| Heavy Metals | NMT 20ppm | LESS THAN 10ppm |
| Loss On Drying | NMT 0.5% | 0.32% |
| Related Substances | ||
| Single Impurity | NMT 0.5% | 0.06% |
| Total Impurity | NMT 1.0% | 0.2% |
| Assay (By HPLC) | 98.0-102.0% | 98.9% |
| Conclusion: Conform with USP Standard | ||
What is the pharmacological action of Pioglitazone hydrochloridede?
Pioglitazone hydrochloride can control blood sugar for a long time by directly reducing insulin resistance and improving β cell function. Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a highly selective and potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ). This receptor is a kind of protein, which exists in fat, skeletal muscle and liver tissues of insulin-sensitive tissues. Pioglitazone hydrochloride powder is mainly combined with serum albumin, which is metabolized by hydroxylation and oxidation, and most of it is excreted into bile in the form of prototype or metabolite, and cleared from feces. Pioglitazone hcl can increase insulin content in islets without affecting insulin secretion. Pioglitazone can prevent the decrease of β cells by reducing cell death. These evidences show that Pioglitazone hydrochloride has protective effect on β cells. Pioglitazone can reduce hyperinsulinemia and plasma free fatty acid level. The decrease of plasma insulin level indicates that Pioglitazone hcl can reduce the burden of pancreatic β cells. Because the high level of free fatty acids is toxic to the pancreas, reducing the level of free fatty acids also has a protective effect on the function of pancreatic β cells. Therefore, the basic physiological link of type 2 diabetes is to reduce insulin resistance and improve the function of β cells to control blood sugar.
HTML5 atlas of Pioglitazone hydrochloride
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Is Pioglitazone hydrochloride the same as metformin?
Pioglitazone hydrochloride and metformin belong to different types of hypoglycemic agents, and metformin belongs to biguanides.
Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a thiazolidinedione hypoglycemic agent, and its mechanism of action is different. Pioglitazone hydrochloride can enhance the sensitivity of liver cells and skeletal muscles to insulin, reduce the plasma cholesterol level and improve the lipoprotein ratio, which can obviously improve the hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and plasma hypertriglyceridemia of patients.
The mechanism of metformin is mainly to reduce blood sugar by promoting the uptake of glucose by adipose tissue, reducing the absorption of glucose in intestine, inhibiting liver glycogen dysplasia and reducing the output of glucose in liver. Metformin can significantly reduce the fasting blood sugar of diabetic patients, but has no obvious effect on the blood sugar of normal people, and can also reduce body weight.
What are the indications for Pioglitazone hydrochloride?
Pioglitazone hydrochloride powder is only used to receive the following treatments, but it has not achieved sufficient results. It is inferred that it is a type 2 diabetic with insulin resistance.
1. Give only diet therapy and/or exercise therapy.
2. Use diet therapy and/or exercise therapy plus sulfonylureas.
3. Use diet therapy and/or exercise therapy plus α -glucosidase inhibitor.
4. Use diet therapy and/or exercise therapy plus biguanides.
What are the precautions of pioglitazone hydrochloride?
It is forbidden for people who are allergic to pioglitazone hydrochloride powder. It only plays an anti-hyperglycemia role in the presence of insulin, so it is not suitable for patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. For patients with insulin resistance who stop ovulation before menopause, thiazolidinediones including pioglitazone can lead to re-ovulation.
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Note: This compound should be used for research purposes only. These claims have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Please consult your doctor and learn about available studies before using them. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
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