Ammonium Carbonate Powder CAS 506-87-6

Ammonium carbonate powder has a strong ammonia odor. The pure product is colorless or white cubic crystals or powder, while the industrial product is a double salt of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate, a white, small or broken substance. This product is soluble in water and the aqueous solution is alkaline. It is insoluble in ethanol, carbon disulfide, and concentrated ammonia water.

This product is the ammonium salt of carbonic acid, with the chemical formula (NH4) 2CO3. It is an inorganic compound with extremely unstable properties. Pure Ammonium carbonate not only has hygroscopicity, but also is unstable under both light and heat conditions, and can quickly decompose when exposed to hot water. If the ammonium carbonate crystal powder is heated to around 58 °C, this product can quickly decompose into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water.

What is the difference between ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate?

Ammonium bicarbonate is made of ammonia absorbing carbon dioxide, and the product is white fine-grained crystal, with nitrogen content of about 17% and strong ammonia odor. Ammonium bicarbonate is a kind of agricultural fertilizer, because it can absorb carbon dioxide in the air and convert it into ammonium bicarbonate, so it is also called gas fertilizer, which plays a role in increasing soil fertility. Ammonium carbonate is a common chemical swelling agent, which is often used in food industry, such as making cakes, bread and biscuits. Ammonium carbonate is less soluble in water and has a certain alkalinity, so it can be used to adjust the pH of food and increase the bulkiness of food.

Ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate are both ammonium salts, and their chemical structures are very similar. Only slight differences lead to their completely different properties and uses.

1.The synthesis process is different:

Although they are all ammonium salts, their anion-cation ratios are different. Ammonium bicarbonate, the ratio of anion to cation is 1: 1, and ammonia carbonate, the ratio of anion to cation is 2: 1. This leads to completely different contents of hydrochloric acid consumed and CO2 generated when synthesizing this product.

2.Different in chemical properties：

The acidity and alkalinity of ammonium carbonate are outstanding, and it is easier to decompose into ammonia water and carbon dioxide in aqueous solution without generating bicarbonate ions, so proper use of this product can be used to adjust the pH of food; Ammonium bicarbonate is weak in acidity, and it is not easy to decompose in aqueous solution. Moreover, this product has strong carbonic acid properties and can absorb carbon dioxide in the air, which is the focus of future research on carbon sequestration materials.

3.Different physical properties

Ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) is an inorganic salt, which is a colorless cubic crystal, soluble in water, alkaline in aqueous solution, and insoluble in ethanol, carbon disulfide and concentrated ammonia water. Ammonium carbonate is unstable to light and heat and slightly hygroscopic. Therefore, it needs to be sealed, cool and protected from light.
Ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) is a white powder or opaque monoclinic fine crystal with ammonia odor, higher density than ammonium carbonate and insoluble in water. It is a carbonate and cannot be placed with acid, because acid will react with ammonium bicarbonate to generate carbon dioxide, which will deteriorate ammonium bicarbonate.

4.Use in agriculture is different.

Although ammonium carbonate is mainly used in the food industry, it was once a common nitrogen fertilizer in rural areas, which can be used for crop top dressing, bottom dressing, and extra root fertilization. Just because of its unstable nature, difficult storage, and complex decomposition steps (this product needs to be decomposed into ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia first, and then decomposed into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water by ammonium bicarbonate) and extremely high alkalinity (which will increase land salinization), it has gradually been replaced by ammonium bicarbonate. Currently, it is still used in small quantities in grass and legume crops; Ammonium bicarbonate is mainly used as a nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture. Due to its quick acting, inexpensive, economical, and non compacted soil characteristics, it is suitable for various crops and soils. It can be used as both base fertilizer and topdressing. However, it should be noted that it is a strongly acidic fertilizer that can easily cause a decrease in soil pH value, leading to soil pollution. When using it, safety should be taken into account to avoid entering the eyes or mouth.

Overall, there are significant differences in chemical properties, applications, and agricultural use between ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate. The choice of fertilizer should be determined based on specific agricultural needs and environmental conditions.

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