Irinotecan Hcl Powder CAS 100286-90-6

Xi'an Faithful BioTech Co., Ltd. is an export-oriented biotechnology and chemical trading company headquartered in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. Founded in 2018, the company focuses on providing pharmaceutical intermediates, plant extracts, food additives, and feed ingredients to the global B2B market.

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Irinotecan Hydrochloride Introduction

Irinotecan hydrochloride is a semi-synthetic, water-soluble derivative of Paclitaxel. CAS: 100286-90-6; Molecular formula: C33H39ClN4O6; Molecular weight: 623.15; EINECS: 600-054-0. It is a pale yellow powder or pale yellow crystalline powder at room temperature, odorless. Slightly soluble in water, etc. Irinotecan hydrochloride and its active metabolite SN-38 can bind to topoisomerase I, generating new substances that can induce reversible single-strand breaks, thereby unwinding the double-stranded structure of DNA; this process leads to cytotoxicity, which is time-dependent and specifically acts on S-phase cells. The toxicity of this product is also stronger than that of Irinotecan Hcl Powder. The main adverse reactions of CPT-11 include cholinergic syndrome, delayed diarrhea, and neutropenia.

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How to face the acetylcholinergic syndrome after using irinotecan hydrochloride?

Occurrence mechanism: Irinotecan Hcl Powder is a noncompetitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, which can inhibit the activity of cholinesterase and accumulate acetylcholine in the body. This characteristic is related to the acetylcholinergic syndrome after medication.

Clinical manifestations: the following symptoms within 24 hours after the medication are called acute acetylcholine syndrome: early-onset diarrhea, sweating, salivation, blurred vision, abdominal pain, tears, etc.

Treatment measures: use atropine sulfate, except for those with contraindications. Patients with asthma should be cautious.

Pretreatment:

For patients with acute and severe cholinergic syndrome, atropine sulfate should be used Atropine sulfate monohydrate when using this product next time.  

Generally, pretreatment should be performed before the first use of Irinotecan hydrochloride and before each subsequent use.

What if delayed diarrhea occurs after using this product?

The mechanism of irinotecan leading to delayed diarrhea is more complex. In addition to the UGT1A1 gene polymorphism, others such as the gene polymorphism of transporter OATP1B1 reduce its transport capacity to SN-38, resulting in the gastrointestinal toxicity caused by the exposure of SN-38 in the gastrointestinal tract; combined with Reggio chemotherapy; Or Irinotecan Hcl Powder caused the increase of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), induced the increase of chloride ion secretion and the decrease of sodium ion absorption in intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in diarrhea; Or irinotecan destroys intestinal tight binding protein and leads to diarrhea. It can also participate in the pathological process of delayed diarrhea.

Clinical manifestations: Diarrhea occurring 24 hours after administration of irinotecan hydrochloride is a dose-limiting toxicity, without accumulation. It manifests as increased bowel movements, changes in stool consistency, loose stools, watery stools, etc., and may be accompanied by abdominal pain, bloating, fatigue, and weakness.

The median onset time of delayed diarrhea is generally day 5 after chemotherapy, depending on the method of administration, and lasts an average of about 4 days. The incidence rate is 90%, with grade 3-4 accounting for 39%.

Treatment measures:

Inform patients of the risk of diarrhea in advance, early detection, and early intervention.

Stop diarrhea, replenish fluids, prevent electrolyte disorders, etc.

Treat other concurrent diseases, especially patients with neutropenia, be alert to the risk of severe intestinal infection and death, and actively combine anti-infection treatment.

How to solve the bone marrow suppression caused by irinotecan hydrochloride?

Mechanism: nonselective attack of chemotherapeutic product on cells with a short life cycle and active renewal and growth.

UGT1A1 gene detection: UGT1A1 gene detection is helpful to predict the severity of hematotoxicity.

Clinical manifestations: blood routine examination after chemotherapy showed that leukocytes and neutrophils decreased, and hemoglobin and platelets decreased. combined chemotherapy, the median time to the lowest trough of granulocytes is generally 8-10 days.

Treatment measures:

Reasonable monitoring of blood cell count during treatment.

Granulocytopenia with fever should be admitted to the hospital for anti-infection treatment.

Guard against granulocytopenia with diarrhea and intestinal infection.

For patients with severe hematological toxicity, a reduction can be considered in the follow-up treatment cycle.

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FAQ:

Q1:Who should use Irinotecan hydrochloride with caution?

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to this product, chronic enteritis or intestinal obstruction, severe bone marrow failure, severely elevated bilirubin levels, and pregnancy or lactation.

Caution: Patients with known decreased UGT1A1 enzyme activity have an increased risk of severe neutropenia after use.
Q2:What causes "early-onset diarrhea" and "sweating and drooling" during use?
If symptoms are severe, doctors often use atropine sulfate monohydrate prophylactically before or during subsequent chemotherapy to quickly relieve these symptoms without affecting the effectiveness of the treatment for the tumor.
Q3:What are the future prospects of Irinotecan hydrochloride?

It is shifting from simple price competition based on generic compounds to differentiated value competition centered on advanced formulation technologies such as liposomes. This "modified" strategy not only reduces the toxicity of traditional compounds but also expands their application value in refractory cancers such as pancreatic cancer and small cell lung cancer.

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